Timeline

1890

In the 1890s, the forces of Amir Abdur Rahman Khan carried out mass killing, enslavement and forced displacement of Hazaras. Legal scholars have argued that these acts constitute genocide.

Memorial

1913

Faiz Muhammad Katib Hazara was a Hazara historian and court chronicler in Kabul, author of the Siraj al-Tawarikh, and has been called Afghanistan's last traditional and first modern historian.

Heroes & People

1993

In February 1993, mujahedin forces attacked the Afshar area of west Kabul, then held by the Hazara party Hizb-i Wahdat. Militias murdered civilians, and hundreds more were abducted and never seen again.

Memorial

1995

Abdul Ali Mazari led the Hazara party Hizb-i Wahdat from 1989 until he was killed in Taliban custody in March 1995. Many Hazaras revere him as a martyr and champion of their rights.

Heroes & People

1998

After capturing Mazar-i Sharif on 8 August 1998, Taliban forces killed at least 2,000 people, by the estimate of Human Rights Watch. Hazara men and boys were particularly targeted.

Memorial

2001

In March 2001, the Taliban destroyed the two giant Buddhas carved into the cliffs of Bamiyan, in the heart of the Hazara homeland.

History

2001

Hazaras have settled in Australia mainly since the late 1990s, many as refugees. Most of the 433 people rescued by the MV Tampa in 2001 were Hazaras.

Diaspora

2001

In January 2001, Taliban forces retaking Yakaolang district rounded up and executed Hazara men, including elders who came to negotiate and aid workers.

Memorial

2005

Habiba Sarabi is a Hazara haematologist and politician who in 2005 became the first woman to serve as a provincial governor in Afghanistan, in Bamyan.

Heroes & People

2008

Rohullah Nikpai is a Hazara taekwondo athlete who won Afghanistan's first Olympic medal at Beijing 2008, and a second bronze at London 2012.

Heroes & People

2013

Two bombings in Quetta, Pakistan, in January and February 2013 killed at least 180 Hazaras, among the deadliest sectarian attacks in Pakistan's history.

Memorial

2016

On 23 July 2016, suicide bombers attacked a peaceful Enlightenment Movement demonstration in Kabul, killing at least 85 civilians and injuring 413, according to the United Nations.

Memorial

2016

The Enlightenment Movement was a Hazara-led civil protest movement in Afghanistan, formed in 2016 over the route of a major power line.

History

2019

Jalila Haider is a human rights lawyer from Quetta, Pakistan, described by the BBC as the first female lawyer from the Hazara community, and named to its 100 Women list in 2019.

Heroes & People

2020

On 12 May 2020, gunmen attacked the maternity wing of Dasht-e Barchi hospital in Kabul, killing 24 people, including 16 mothers.

Memorial

2021

On 30 August 2021, Taliban forces killed 13 Hazaras in Kahor village, Daykundi province, including former security personnel who had surrendered and a 17-year-old girl.

Memorial

2021

Between 4 and 6 July 2021, Taliban fighters killed nine Hazara men in Mundarakht village, Ghazni province, according to an Amnesty International investigation.

Memorial

2021

On 8 May 2021, bombs exploded outside Sayed al-Shuhada school in Dasht-e Barchi, Kabul, as girls left class. Most of those killed were girls.

Memorial

2022

On 30 September 2022, a suicide bomber attacked students sitting a practice exam at the Kaaj education centre in Dasht-e Barchi, Kabul. The UN counted at least 43 killed, mostly girls and young women.

Memorial

2024

Zakia Khudadadi is a Hazara para-taekwondo athlete who won the first ever medal for the Refugee Paralympic Team, a bronze at Paris 2024.

Heroes & People